KPV
Lysine-Proline-Valine (α-MSH C-terminal tripeptide)
Molecular Details
Overview
KPV (Lys-Pro-Val) is a tripeptide identical to the C-terminal three residues of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). Unlike the full hormone it shows little pigmentary activity; instead, research has focused on its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Preclinical studies have examined its ability to dampen pro-inflammatory signaling — including NF-κB pathway activity — and its uptake through intestinal peptide transporters in models of mucosal inflammation. Findings to date are preclinical.
Published Research
Anti-Inflammatory Signaling (NF-κB)
In vitro (human cells) · 2008Research demonstrated that KPV, corresponding to the C-terminal sequence of α-MSH, reduces pro-inflammatory signaling in part by inhibiting NF-κB activation and downstream cytokine production in cultured cells.
Intestinal Inflammation Models
In vivo (mouse) · 2008In murine models of colitis, KPV administration was associated with reduced intestinal inflammation and improved mucosal markers. Studies identified uptake via the PepT1 transporter as a route by which the tripeptide reaches intestinal epithelial and immune cells.
Wound Healing & Epithelial Effects
In vitro / In vivo · 2013Preclinical research examined KPV in epithelial and wound-repair contexts, reporting effects on cell migration and inflammatory tone consistent with the broader anti-inflammatory profile of α-MSH-derived peptides.
α-MSH Peptide Class Context
Review / Mechanistic · 2007Reviews of melanocortin-derived peptides position KPV within a class of small α-MSH fragments studied for immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity that appears largely independent of pigmentary melanocortin-receptor signaling.
Storage & Handling
Store lyophilized powder at –20°C or below. As a small hygroscopic tripeptide, keep tightly sealed with desiccant. Reconstituted solutions: refrigerate at 2–8°C and use within 2–4 weeks. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
For research purposes only. Not intended for human consumption. This profile summarizes published preclinical literature and does not constitute medical, clinical, or dosage guidance.